Performance Enhancing Drugs - 791 Words

Performance enhancing drugs Using performance-enhancing drugs such as doping. Most of the athletes take PED’s so they can win a golden medal for their country. And they want fame. No any athlete shouldn’t take PED because no one knows the risks. The penalty for using performance enhancing drugs should be stricter because it can cause health risks, it’s cheating, an it’s legally, and world class athletes use it and still get away with it. The government should banned drugs so no any athlete shouldn’t cheat at all. Performance enhancing drugs can cause health risks which it takes the time to learn about the benefits, and health risks. Other drugs have different risks, benefits, and side effects. There is at least 7 different type of drugs. They all have different risks. The 7 kinds of drugs are anabolic steroids, Androstenedione, Human growth hormone, Erythropoietin, Diuretics, Creatine and Stimulants. The government should banned them because most of the athletes say it’s cheating and it’s not natural. PED makes you stronger and faster but they can also hurt you. Any substance taken to perform better athletically. This is reference often and typically refers to anabolic steroid use in sports by professional and amateur athletes. (Staff, 2010) Athlete performance enhancing drugs is considered cheating. World famous baseball player â€Å"Alex Rodriguez† was using PED. â€Å"PED are not natural,† â€Å"It’s cheating†.† It represents an unfair advantage to the other athletes. PED isShow MoreRelatedPerformance Enhancing Drugs. . Performance-Enhancing Drugs1580 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance Enhancing Drugs Performance-enhancing drugs (PED s) have been an issue for many decades now for the medical and sports field. Olympic and professional athletes have been using them to gain an upper hand on the competition, but some may ask if it s really worth it? Studies show that performance-enhancing drugs have been proven to negatively affect the health of athletes who take them. Simply put, performance-enhancing drugs could either improve athletic performance or can be extremelyRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs For Sports1227 Words   |  5 PagesPerformance Enhancing Drugs Sport records are becoming harder   to break and seeing records are starting to become a thing of the past.. Players aren’t being able to hit these home runs or score long touchdown’s. Injured   players are getting kicked off the team or even quit because they can’t get to their peak performance that they were at before they got injured.   If more players were to use performance enhancing drugs they would be able to compete to the performance of past players. A performanceRead MoreThe Prohibition Of Performance Enhancing Drugs1257 Words   |  6 PagesContinue the Prohibition of Performance Enhancing Drugs Sporting competitions either nationally or internationally have regulations to prohibit or inhibit the use of performance enhancing drugs (PED’s). There been a case for the lifting of these regulations to create sporting fair across all types of people. Craig Fry, an advocate for the use of performance enhancing drugs in elite sporting competitions and author of â€Å"Bring Truth into Play by Saying Yes to Drugs in Sport†, is an Australian healthRead More Performance Enhancing Drugs Essay1759 Words   |  8 PagesPerformance Enhancing Drugs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When most people think of performance-enhancing drugs the first thought that comes to their minds is the illegal ones like steroids, but today there are more non-illegal drugs like creatine and androstenedione for people today. Creatine is a chemical produced by the kidney and found in meat product. It helps muscles recover after a workout, which in turn helps athletes bulk up faster (Gregorian 5). Creatine is used by many of the nations top college sports teamsRead Moreâ€Å"Performance-Enhancing Drugs in the Workplace† Essay1392 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Performance-Enhancing Drugs in the Workplace† Performance-enhancers are becoming more common in our everyday life, despite our efforts to ban them. This raises the questions, should we just accept these drugs and use them to our advantage? Or should we continue to resist these drugs and not take advantage of their performance-enhancing capabilities? When you start talking about organizations like the military, where Soldiers are ask to go beyond the normal physical and mental stress of a regularRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs For Professional Sports1703 Words   |  7 Pagesthe use of performance enhancing drugs. The debate on whether or not performance enhancing substances should be allowed in professional sports has been going on for years, decades even. Many believe that using steroids and other performance enhancers should automatically disqualify an athlete from ever being able to be a member of the Hall of Fame, in sports in general, not just in Major League Baseball. However, there is an argument to be made to make the use of performance enhancing drugs legal inRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Performance Enhancing Drugs1364 Words   |  6 Pagesway. In this paper, the ethical dilemma of performance enhancing drugs being used in sports will be addressed and be given solution based on the Christian worldview. Ethical Dilemma This case involves Paul, who is a promising young athlete, who works hard and has a good spot on his team. He is constantly putting in training to get better and it has been paying off. He notices that some of his teammates have been trying out a new performance enhancing drug. It is not illegal, but it still improvesRead MoreSports and Performance Enhancing Drugs Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesPerformance enhancing drugs in todays pro sports have become a big deal, because of health stimulants and the benefits that such studies have on good development of the person and on fair athletic games. Pediatricians or trainers can play a huge role in helping the athlete or player that is using or taking performance enhancing drugs. By taking factual info about the true benefits and medical problems of these drugs and giving information about healthy food and working out. Tries to create a changeRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Be Banned1645 Words   |  7 Pagesrules by using performance enhancing drugs each year. Performance enhancing drugs help athletes to becomes bigger, faster, and overall better at their individual sport. This process is called doping. Doping can be defined as using drugs and various substances to better perform at a particular task. Furthermore, these athletes act in the moment and fail to see all aspects of these performance enhancing drugs. Contradictorily, some individuals argue that performance enhancing drugs should in fact beRead MoreEthical Dilemmas : Performance Enhancing Drugs1674 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemmas: Performance Enhancing Drugs Today’s society places high-performance athletes on a pedestal and our youth look to become the next superstar. The question plaguing young athletes is â€Å"how can I get there?†. Physical development must be considered for any athlete and this consequently introduces the topic of performance enhancing drugs. These substances can cause physical development to occur faster than the natural rate, making the athlete a step above â€Å"the rest†. Ethical, moral

Elderly Free Essays

Should elderly people be neglected? Recently, a report has stated, to many people’s amazement, as many as 30% elderly people live below the poverty line in Hong Kong. An increasing number of the elderly in the territory have received social security assistance from the government. In the absence of adequate savings and regular income, little difficulty is there in understanding why the elderly more rely on the government. We will write a custom essay sample on Elderly or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are some difficulties that the elderly have to come to grips with. One major obstacle is the financial burden that elderly people have to cope with. The elderly do not have regular income without working to maintain their rudimental needs of living, from food, clothing to dwelling. Moreover, after retirement, the protection is far from adequate, few elderly people are self-sufficient to take care themselves. The elderly who fail to care for themselves, as a result, have no choice but to cling to the government to receive assistance. Another principal barrier elderly people are facing, in addition to the financial burden, is poor family relationship. Most family members neglect the elderly, rarely do they talk with them, understand what they are thinking, and take into account the feelings of the elderly. Elderly people feel alone, they are left at home without any care from their family members. In some serious cases, the elderly do not have enough money to buy food when they are hungry, due to the apathetic attitude of family members toward them. What the government, families and community groups need to do in pursuit of better care of the elderly, and how. In the aspect of the government, it is of paramount importance to promote harmony family life, especially enhancing communication with the elderly. The government could encourage families holding family day or events with elderly, such as hiking, barbecue. On the other hand, the government should have some improvements of retirement protection, to ensure the elderly may rake care themselves after retirement, it is the first step to help elderly people to evacuate poverty. Family plays an important role on taking better care of the elderly. Few families can get along well with the elderly. In hopes of understanding the elderly thought and caring them, family members, however busy, should take little time to talk with the elderly every day such as sharing happiness, some amusing moments in that day. Moreover, family members should simply go home to have dinner with the elderly. Sometimes, if cannot do home for dinner, they may leave a memo asking after the elderly, just few words are enough. Also, families need to give adequate money to elderly people for their daily life. Community groups such as some non-government organizations also can pay efforts to improve taking care of elderly people. They can organize various types of family activities to encourage family members taking part in with the elderly. Apart from that, they can hold some distribution campaigns for the elderly, for instance, rice distribution, moon cake distribution and so on. To conclude, the elderly should not be separated from the society. The families have the responsibilities to take care them. The government and community groups also need to pay effort to help the elderly escape the poverty. How to cite Elderly, Essay examples

International Business Finance

Question: Discuss about theInternational Business Finance. Answer: Introduction The current report aims to evaluate the net present value of the provided firm, Zircon, if it receives the government contract. The value for the opposite scenario has also been computed, where the organisation has exercised hedging. The alternative strategy for the organisation has also been depicted along with explaining the uncertainty of future cash inflows. Finally, the report sheds light on conducting the risk assessment of the concerned project. Calculating the NPV of Zircon If Governments Contract is Received: Using the Hedging process Amount NPV with government contracts Development expenses (A) $ (300,000) 1 year Forward spot rate (0.12 * 5,000,000) (B) $ 600,000 Discounting cash flow (C) 0.8474576 PV of the Cash flow (D = B * C) $ 508,474.58 NPV (D - A) $ 208,474.58 Table 1: Showing the NPV valuation for Zircon with government contracts (Source: As created by the author) Table 1 mainly helps in depicting the overfill NPV, which might be generated by the company after receiving the government contracts. In addition, the positive NPV of $208,474.58 mainly indicates the overall viability of the project that might be adopted by Zircon. Arsov et al. (2013) mentioned that hedging are mainly used by companies to reduce their overall risk exposure from volatile currency market. Depicting the Scenario Where no Government Contract was Received and Zircon Hedged more than Needed: NPV without government contracts Development expenses (A) $ (300,000) 1 year Forward spot rate (0.12 * 3,000,000) (B) $ 360,000.00 Excess of Hedging Amount (0.12 * 2,000,000) (C) $ 240,000.00 Spot rate after 1 year (0.13 * 2,000,000) (D) $ 260,000.00 loss from hedging (E = D C) $ (20,000.00) Total cash flow (F = B + E) $ 340,000.00 Discounting cash flow (G) 0.8474576 PV of the Cash flow (H = F * G) $ 288,135.59 NPV (H - A) $ (11,864.41) Table 2: Showing the NPV valuation for Zircon without government contracts (Source: As created by the author) With the help of table 2, the overall NPV valuation of zircon could be identified as negative. In addition, if the company hedges and at the end of the year does not receive any government contracts and then Zircon might incur a loss from the project. Moreover, due to loss from excessive hedging Zircon negative NPV from the project, which in turn might hamper its net profitability. Dorfman and Harter (2013) argued that excessive hedging might negatively affect the overall future cash flows that might be generated from currency exchange. Considering an Alternative Strategy for Zircon: Using the Alternative Hedging strategy Amount Development expenses $ (300,000) 1 year Forward spot rate from Firms income (0.12 * 3,000,000) $ 360,000.00 Income from government at expected spot rate (0.13 * 2,000,000) $ 260,000.00 Total Income $ 620,000.00 Discounting cash flow 0.8474576 PV of the Cash flow $ 525,423.73 NPV $ 225,423.73 Table 3: Showing the alternative strategy for Zircon (Source: As created by the author) Table 3 mainly helps in depicting the overall alternative strategy for Zircon, which might help in generating the overall viability of the project. In addition, the overall hedging will only be conducted for the future cash flow received from firms and the government cash flows will be traded in spot rate. This method has mainly posed the best viable solution, which might help Zircon to make adequate profits from the project and have $225,423.73 NPV. In addition, if the government contract is not received during the year then also Zircon will have positive NPV of $5,084.75. Chen, Li and Reynolds (2012) stated that with the help of NPV method companies are able to compensative for the time value of money, which could be generated from a project. Depicting the Uncertainty of Future Cash Flows for Zircon: The main uncertainty that might be generated is from government contracts, which might be obtained at the end of the year. Chung, Park and Shin (2014) mentioned that international trade have uncertainty due to changing perspective of corporations and governments. However, there are other uncertainties, which might be surrounding the future cash flows of Zircon that are described as follows. The change in currency conversation rate might be different, which in turn might change the whole scenario. However, the forward rates mainly help in maintaining the profitability of the company, which might be generated from firm contracts. The other uncertainty could be generated from changing government policies or restrictions in currency conversion. This type of uncertainty might mainly reduce the overall profitability that might be generated from the project and nullify the hedging process. Zircons main cash flow is from firm contracts and government contracts are the added bonus, which might help the company to obtain higher NPV. Providing Viable Information Regarding the Risk Associated with the Project: The overall risk that might be surrounding the operation of Zircon is the change in exchange rate and accessibility of government contracts. In addition, after the effective evaluation of the scenario and the overall NPV calculation it could be suggested that the company might use alternative strategy for hedging their profits. In addition, the alternative strategy could help the company get a positive NPV of $5,084.75 from firm contracts. Moreover, if the company receives the government contract at the end of the next year then it could effectively use the current spot rate to covert the ARS in USD. This method might mainly help Zircon to reduce the overall risk exposure from over hedging and maintain the required level of profitability. Conclusion: According to the above discussion, it has been found that Zircon would be able to maximise its profitability position, if it receives the government contract in contrast to the opposite scenario. However, the alternative hedging strategy would be more beneficial to Zircon, as the NPV computed is higher compared to the receipt of the government contract. In addition, the major uncertainties confronting the cash inflows of Zircon in future include currency fluctuations and modifications in the government policies. Hence, it is recommended to Zircon to utilise the alternative streaky for hedging its profits. Reference and Bibliography: Annelies, B., Geerts, L., Oosterlee, L., Temmerman, S. and Meire, P., 2015, February. Ecosystem service delivery in restoration projects: temporal effect of ecological succession on the net present value of a tidal marsh restoration project (Schelde Estuary). InBOOK OF ABSTRACTS. Arsov, I., Moran, G., Shanahan, B. and Stacey, K., 2013. OTC Derivatives Reforms and the Australian Cross-currency Swap Market.RBA Bulletin, pp.55-64. Chen, C., Li, G. and Reynolds, A., 2012. Robust constrained optimization of short-and long-term net present value for closed-loop reservoir management.SPE Journal,17(03), pp.849-864. Chung, K., Park, H. and Shin, H.S., 2014. Mitigating systemic spillovers from currency hedging. InVolatile Capital Flows in Korea(pp. 217-244). Palgrave Macmillan US. Dorfman, J. and Harter, L.G., 2013. Foreign Currency Hedging in the Dodd-Frank Era-Emerging Tax Issues.Int'l Tax J.,39, p.5. Fernandez, E.S., Bergsma, E.J., de Miguel Mercader, F., Goetheer, E.L. and Vlugt, T.J., 2012. Optimisation of lean vapour compression (LVC) as an option for post-combustion CO 2 capture: Net present value maximisation.International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,11, pp.S114-S121. Ilzetzki, E., Mendoza, E.G. and Vgh, C.A., 2013. How big (small?) are fiscal multipliers?.Journal of Monetary Economics,60(2), pp.239-254. Lel, U., 2012. Currency hedging and corporate governance: a cross-country analysis.Journal of Corporate Finance,18(2), pp.221-237. Leyman, P. and Vanhoucke, M., 2016. Capital-and resource-constrained project scheduling with net present value optimization.European Journal of Operational Research. Magee, S., 2013. Foreign currency hedging and firm value: A dynamic panel approach. InAdvances in Financial Risk Management(pp. 57-80). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Magee, S., 2013. Foreign currency hedging and firm value: A dynamic panel approach. InAdvances in Financial Risk Management(pp. 57-80). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Mogul, J.C., AuYoung, A., Banerjee, S., Popa, L., Lee, J., Mudigonda, J., Sharma, P. and Turner, Y., 2013, November. Corybantic: towards the modular composition of SDN control programs. InProceedings of the Twelfth ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks(p. 1). ACM. Narkus-Kramer, M., Tejeda, J., Trajkov, S., Hemm, R., Creedon, J. and Ballard, D., 2016. Net Present Value, Trade-space, and Feasibility of On-Demand Aircraft. In16th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference(p. 3302). Ohunakin, O.S., Oyewola, O.M. and Adaramola, M.S., 2013. Economic analysis of wind energy conversion systems using levelized cost of electricity and present value cost methods in Nigeria.International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering,4(1), pp.1-8. Rowley, D., 2013. Special super FX.Investment Magazine, (99), p.14. Shu, S.B., Zeithammer, R. and Payne, J.W., 2016. Consumer Preferences for Annuity Attributes: Beyond Net Present Value.Journal of Marketing Research,53(2), pp.240-262. White, C., Halpern, B.S. and Kappel, C.V., 2012. Ecosystem service tradeoff analysis reveals the value of marine spatial planning for multiple ocean uses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,109(12), pp.4696-4701. Wong, K.P., 2013. Cross hedging with currency forward contracts.Journal of Futures Markets,33(7), pp.653-674.